Rear-End Collision: What to Do? Everything You Need to Know
Whether on the highway, in city traffic, or in a traffic jam – rear-end collisions are among the most common types of accidents in Germany. And even if it's usually “just” a fender bender, the legal and financial consequences can be far-reaching.
In this article, we explain how to respond correctly after a rear-end collision, who is usually liable, and how to secure your claims – including tips on insurance claims and the most important questions about fault, burden of proof, and possible penalties.
1. What Counts as a Rear-End Collision?
A rear-end collision occurs when one vehicle collides with another – usually because the safety distance was not maintained or the vehicle in front braked unexpectedly.
Common scenarios:
- In a traffic jam or slow-moving traffic
- After unexpected emergency braking
- At traffic lights or driveways
- When turning or parking
A special case is a rear-end collision with a stationary vehicle, e.g., in a traffic jam on the highway.
2. What to Do After a Rear-End Collision?
Even in the case of a seemingly harmless rear-end collision, it is important to remain calm and proceed systematically.
Checklist: What to Do at the Scene of an Accident
- Put on a safety vest and secure the accident site
- If anyone is injured, call the emergency number (911) immediately
- Call the police (especially in the event of personal injury, unclear fault, or if you are abroad)
- Take photos of the accident site and the damage
- Exchange personal and insurance details
- Fill out an accident report (also advisable in the case of minor damage)
Tip: Even in the case of a minor rear-end collision, you should document the damage – for safety reasons and as evidence for the insurance company.
3. Who Is Liable in a Rear-End Collision?
As a general rule, the person who rear-ends another vehicle is at fault. However, it is not always that clear-cut.
Examples of when liability may be different:
- The vehicle in front braked abruptly and without reason.
- The vehicle in front suddenly parked or turned around.
- The vehicle in front was reversing (e.g., when parking).
The burden of proof lies with the driver who rear-ended the other vehicle – they must prove that they are not at fault.
4. Rear-End Collision Due to Emergency Braking – Who Is Liable?
A frequent point of contention: rear-end collisions after unexpected emergency braking. Here, the individual case decides:
- Was the braking justified (e.g., animal on the road)? → The rear-ending driver is liable.
- Was the braking without cause? → The driver in front may be liable in part or alone.
The matter is usually clarified by expert opinions, witness statements, and, if necessary, dashcam recordings.
5. Penalties and Consequences of Rear-End Collisions
Depending on the severity of the accident and the question of fault, you may face various consequences:
- Fines (usually starting at €35)
- Points in Flensburg
- Driving ban in cases of gross negligence
- Compensation for pain and suffering if people were injured
An accident involving personal injury or gross negligence (e.g., using a cell phone while driving) can even have criminal consequences.
6. Compensation for Pain and Suffering: What Am I Entitled To?
If you were injured in a rear-end collision, you may be entitled to compensation for pain and suffering. The amount depends on:
- Type and duration of the injury (e.g., whiplash)
- Treatment costs
- Impairment in everyday life
- Duration of incapacity to work
Compensation for pain and suffering starts at around €250 for minor injuries and can amount to several thousand euros in more serious cases.
7. What Does the Insurance Pay For?
If fault is clear, the liability insurance of the person who caused the accident will cover:
- Repair costs
- Depreciation
- Rental car
- Expert costs
- Compensation for pain and suffering, if applicable
If fault is unclear or partial, payment will be made on a pro rata basis. If you are at fault for the accident, your comprehensive insurance will help – but with an excess and, if applicable, a downgrade in your no-claims discount.
8. Rear-End Collision on the Highway: Special Considerations
Rear-end collisions often occur on the highway due to:
- Traffic jams
- Insufficient distance between vehicles at high speeds
- Careless lane changes
Important:
- If possible, drive to the nearest emergency lay-by or rest area.
- Switch on your hazard warning lights and call for roadside assistance.
- Be sure to notify the police – if only because of the potential danger on the highway.
9. Car Damaged in a Rear-End Collision? Copart Helps with Marketing
Was your vehicle severely damaged in a rear-end collision and declared a total loss? In that case, your insurance company will often handle the settlement – together with Copart.
What Copart does:
Copart is an online auction platform specializing in accident vehicles. On behalf of insurance companies, the damaged vehicle is auctioned digitally – transparently and quickly. Buyers are usually repair shops, dealers, or exporters.
💡 What this means for you: Once the insurance company has given its approval, Copart takes care of the sale – you receive the settled amount without having to worry about the sale yourself.
Conclusion: Act in an Informed Manner After a Rear-End Collision
Whether it's a minor parking bump or a serious rear-end collision on the highway – the right behavior determines your claims and possible consequences.
Important:
- Secure and document the accident site
- Collect evidence and call the police (if fault is unclear or there are personal injuries)
- Report the damage to your insurance company promptly
- Insist on a professional assessment in the event of major damag
What if the repair is uneconomical? Then Copart will take care of the professional processing in cooperation with your insurance company – so you don't have to worry about a thing.
Curious About Accident Vehicles or Project Vehicles?
Then take a look at copart.de – there you will find a large selection of vehicles with front, rear, or side damage that are perfect for rebuilding or spare parts.
